Install Gogs on Debian 9 with nginx and PostgreSQL

Gogs is a self-hosted Git service, similar to GitLab. It is written in Go and aims to be the easiest and most painless way to set up self-hosted Git service. Gogs is one of the best choices if you need to set up a private Git repository, but don’t want to pay for the private plans on other Git services.

This tutorial shows you how to install and configure Gogs, using PostgreSQL for the database server and nginx for the reverse proxy server. We will use example.com as the domain name for the site. Hosting your own software projects could benefit from large amounts of disk space, so consider using our Block Storage service with this setup.

Before Installing Gogs

1. Follow the Getting Started and Securing Your Server guides, and make sure your Linode’s hostname is set.

2. Update your system:

   sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
   

3. Install git:

   sudo apt-get install -y git
   

4. When you install Go and Gogs, it will be under the user git. So, create that user:

   sudo adduser --disabled-login --gecos 'Gogs' git
   

Install Go

In this section we will download the latest version of Go (version 1.7 at the time of this writing) and install the package in the /home/git/local/go directory.

1. Create the /home/git/local directory:

   sudo su - git
   mkdir $HOME/local && cd $_
   

2. Download Go and extract the compressed file:

   wget https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
   tar -C /home/git/local -xvzf go1.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
   

3. Set the GOPATH environment variable to specify the location of our workspace. We will set the variables in our .bashrc file so they will be available every time we enter the shell.

   echo 'export GOROOT=$HOME/local/go' >> $HOME/.bashrc
   echo 'export GOPATH=$HOME/go' >> $HOME/.bashrc
   echo 'export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin' >> $HOME/.bashrc
   source $HOME/.bashrc
   

   Note

   We need to specify the GOROOT environment variable since we are installing Go to a custom location.

4. Check that Go is properly installed:

   go version
   

   You’ll see output that resembles the following:

   go version go1.7 linux/amd64
   

Install Gogs

1. Download and install Gogs:

   go get -u github.com/gogs/gogs
   

   This may take a few minutes during which your console will appear unresponsive.

2. Build the Gogs binary:

   cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/gogs/gogs
   go build
   

3. It will produce a binary named gogs in the current directory. Execute the binary:

   ./gogs web
   

   It will start the web server and listen for HTTP connections on port 3000 while outputting something like this:

   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [W] Custom config (/home/git/go/src/github.com/gogs/gogs/custom/conf/app.ini) not found, ignore this if you're running first time
   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [T] Custom path: /home/git/go/src/github.com/gogs/gogs/custom
   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [T] Log path: /home/git/go/src/github.com/gogs/gogs/log
   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [I] Gogs: Go Git Service 0.6.16.1008 Beta
   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [I] Log Mode: Console(Trace)
   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [I] Cache Service Enabled
   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [I] Session Service Enabled
   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [I] Run Mode: Development
   2015/10/09 15:41:41 [I] Listen: http://0.0.0.0:3000
   

   Open http://example.com:3000 using your browser. Gogs will redirect the browser to the installation page. Since you haven’t installed the database server yet, close the browser and stop the web server by pressing CTRL+C. You will return to this installation page after installing PostgreSQL and Nginx.

4. Exit from user git:

   exit
   

Install PostgreSQL

Using a database server for Gogs is completely optional. Feel free to skip this section if you don’t want to use a database server with Gogs.

1. Install the required packages:

   sudo apt-get install -y postgresql postgresql-client libpq-dev
   

2. Open the PostgreSQL interactive terminal to create a new database and user for Gogs:

   sudo -u postgres psql -d template1
   

   The output looks like this:

   psql (9.4.4)
   Type "help" for help.
   
   template1=#
   

3. Create new user for Gogs:

   1	CREATE USER gogs CREATEDB;

4. Set the password for user gogs:

   \password gogs
   

   It will prompt you for the password and password confirmation. Take note of this password, you will need it later when configuring Gogs.

5. Create new database for Gogs:

   1	CREATE DATABASE gogs OWNER gogs;

6. Exit the psql terminal:

   \q
   

Install nginx

We will use nginx as the reverse proxy for Gogs, so we can access Gogs using our domain name rather than using our host’s IP address. In addition, we will let nginx handle the HTTPS connections for our Gogs site.

1. Create a self-signed SSL certificate or buy a commercial SSL certificate from a certificate authority (CA).

2. Install nginx from the repository:

   sudo apt-get install -y nginx
   

3. Set nginx as the reverse proxy for Gogs. Using sudo, create a new file named /etc/nginx/sites-available/gogs, and set the content as shown below:

   File: /etc/nginx/sites-available/gogs

   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

   server { listen 80; server_name example.com; return 302 https://$server_name$request_uri; } server { listen 443 ssl; server_name example.com; ssl_certificate /path/to/certificate.crt; ssl_certificate_key /path/to/certificate_key.key; location / { proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_pass http://localhost:3000; } }

4. Activate the reverse proxy:

   sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/gogs /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/gogs
   

5. Restart nginx:

   sudo systemctl restart nginx
   

Automatic Startup with systemd

In this section we will set up Gogs to run automatically on boot by creating a systemd unit file.

1. Using sudo, create /etc/systemd/system/gogs.service:

   File: /etc/systemd/system/gogs.service

   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

   [Unit] Description=Gogs (Go Git Service) After=syslog.target After=network.target After=postgresql.service After=nginx.service [Service] Type=simple User=git Group=git WorkingDirectory=/home/git/go/src/github.com/gogs/gogs ExecStart=/home/git/go/src/github.com/gogs/gogs/gogs web Restart=always Environment=USER=git HOME=/home/git [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

2. Enable the systemd unit file:

   sudo systemctl enable gogs
   

3. Start the service:

   sudo systemctl start gogs
   

4. Check the status of the service:

   sudo systemctl status gogs
   

   It should display the output like this:

   gogs.service - Gogs (Go Git Service)
      Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/gogs.service; enabled)
      Active: active (running) since Sat 2015-10-10 16:51:45 WIB; 34s ago
    Main PID: 818 (gogs)
      CGroup: /system.slice/gogs.service
              └─818 /home/git/go/src/github.com/gogs/gogs/gogs web
   
   Oct 10 16:51:45 debian gogs[818]: 2015/10/10 16:51:45 [W] Custom config (/home/git/go/src/github.com/g... time
   Oct 10 16:51:45 debian gogs[818]: 2015/10/10 16:51:45 [T] Custom path: /home/git/go/src/github.com/gog...ustom
   Oct 10 16:51:45 debian gogs[818]: 2015/10/10 16:51:45 [T] Log path: /home/git/go/src/github.com/gogits...s/log
   Oct 10 16:51:45 debian gogs[818]: 2015/10/10 16:51:45 [I] Gogs: Go Git Service 0.6.16.1008 Beta
   ...
   

Configure Gogs Using the Web Installer

Open https://example.com:3000 in your browser. It will redirect you to the installation page:

Modify the database settings to match with the PostgreSQL database we created earlier:

• Database type = PostgreSQL
• Host = 127.0.0.1:5432
• User = gogs
• Password = <password for user gogs>
• Database Name = gogs

Set your domain and URL under the General Settings section:

• Domain = example.com
• Application URL = https://example.com

Under Application General Settings, check the box for Enable Builtin SSH Server

Also, you might want to setup an admin account at the bottom of the installation page. Click the Install Gogs button when you’re ready to start the installation. When it’s finished, you will see the login page:

Congratulations! You have successfully installed Gogs on your server.

Disable HTTP Access to Gogs

The Gogs site is still accessible over unsecured HTTP via http://example.com:3000. This is because the Gogs web server listens to all network interfaces on port 3000. If you want your Gogs site to be secure, you need to configure Gogs to listen only to your loopback interface.

1. Login as user git and go to the Gogs installation directory:

   sudo su - git
   cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/gogs/gogs
   

2. Open the configuration file custom/conf/app.ini. Add a new configuration value HTTP_ADDR under the [server] section. The section should look like this:

   File: /home/git/go/src/github.com/gogs/gogs/custom/conf/app.ini

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   [server] DOMAIN = example.com HTTP_ADDR = 127.0.0.1 HTTP_PORT = 3000 ROOT_URL = https://example.com/ DISABLE_SSH = false SSH_PORT = 22 OFFLINE_MODE = false

3. Logout from user git:

   exit
   

4. Restart Gogs:

   sudo systemctl restart gogs
   

5. Open your browser. Confirm that https://example.com is still running and http://example.com:3000 is not.

More Information

You may wish to consult the following resources for additional information on this topic. While these are provided in the hope that they will be useful, please note that we cannot vouch for the accuracy or timeliness of externally hosted materials.

• Gogs official site
• Gogs documentation
• Gogs: GitLab alternative in Go