Boot Strapping Gentoo, the "Linode" way

The online Gentoo install only "officially" supports a Stage Three install, then recommends you "recompile" after setting your environment. I've tried that method and find it like taking a bath in sand. Where it "may" save you a minimal amount of time over a Stage One I find it creates needless headaches. Basically I compare it to buying a house for the purpose of gutting it down to the frame and foundation then only to rebuild it. Why? Just like the current effort on a "GUI" installer going on, waste of time IMO. Anyway that's a rant for another occasion, now back to the subject at hand.

Now the advantage of Boot Strapping and doing a Stage One is the entire system is built from the ground up to your specific needs/wants and environment. It's not difficult and the benefits are worth it in my opinion, so let us begin.

Preparation

1. In the Linode Dashboard Create the Disk/Disks you're going to install Gentoo to

2. Create a "Configuration Profile" with the Finnix kernel booting to the Finnix recovery iso

3. Assign the newly created Disk/Disks to /dev/xvdb and so on

4. Save

Install

1. Boot to the Finnix profile you created

2. Mount the disk, example -

cd /mnt

mkdir gentoo

mount /dev/xvdb /mnt/gentoo

3. Insure the date is correct

date

If not correct with the date command

4. Retrieve the Stage one image, example -

cd /mnt/gentoo

wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/releases/x86/2008.0/stages/stage1-x86-2008.0.tar.bz2

For a list of the Gentoo mirrors see Gentoo Mirrors

5. Extract the image

tar -zxvf stage1-x86-2008.0.tar.bz2

Note- Don't forget to remove the tarball after you extract it ;)

6. Set up your make.conf file

nano /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf

Here is a good make.conf file for Bootstrapping your Linode

FLAGS="-march=prescott -fomit-frame-pointer -O2 -pipe -mno-tls-direct-seg-refs"
CHOST="i686-pc-linux-gnu"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
MAKEOPTS="-j5"
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="x86"
PORTAGE_TMPDIR=/var/tmp
PORTDIR=/usr/portage
DISTDIR=${PORTDIR}/distfiles
PORTAGE_COMPRESS="bzip2"
PORTAGE_COMPESS_FLAGS="-9"
SYNC="rsync://rsync.namerica.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage"
AUTOCLEAN="yes"
LINGUAS="en_US en"
PORTAGE_RSYNC_EXTRA_OPTS="--exclude-from=/etc/portage/rsync_excludes"
FEATURES="sandbox parallel-fetch"
USE="-acpi -alsa -arts bzip2 bash-completion bcmath -berkdb chroot curl curlwrappers \
dbus hal xml -ipv6 gmp -gnome -gtk -kde minimal mmx nptl nptlonly pam sse sse2 ssse3 \
ssl unicode -X X509 xattr zip zlib"

GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://gentoo.cites.uiuc.edu/pub/gentoo/ http://mirrors.cs.wmich.edu/gentoo http://mirror.csclub.uwaterloo.ca/gentoo-distfiles/ http://gentoo.mirrors.tds.net/gentoo

7. Mount proc

mount -t proc proc /mnt/gentoo/proc

8. Copy DNS info

cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/resolv.conf

9. Chroot

chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash

10. Rehash the $path and environment

env-update && source /etc/profile

11. Create your package.use file

nano /etc/portage/package.use

Put in the values

net-misc/curl                gnutls kerberos libssh2 ldn
net-misc/ntp                 opentpd
sys-apps/iproute2            -minimal
sys-libs/glibc               glibc-omitfp

12. Get the Portage Tree

emerge --sync

Note - you "may" need to refresh portage, if so just "emerge portage" then continue on

13. Set up your Locale

nano /etc/locale.gen

14. Set the "Profile", I recommend/use the server profile. The only "Caveat" is this sets the "minimal" use flag system wide which is good. But you need to be aware that for specific packages like MySQL you need to set "-minimal" in /etc/portage/package.use to install/run LAMP. Also the same thing for iproute2 package which iptables depends on

unlink /etc/make.profile

ln -s /usr/portage/profiles/default/linux/x86/2008.0/server/ /etc/make.profile

15. Now it's time to Bootstrap and install the system

env-update && source /etc/profile && emerge --oneshot --nodeps gcc-config

USE="-* build bootstrap" emerge linux-headers && emerge --nodeps gdbm libperl perl

/usr/portage/scripts/bootstrap.sh

16. Finish Bootstrapping

emerge -O libperl && emerge -O python

emerge shadow && emerge --deep system

emerge syslog-ng hotplug vixie-cron reiserfsprogs xfsprogs sysfsutils udev

USE="openntpd" emerge --nodeps ntp

rc-update add syslog-ng default && rc-update add net.eth0 default && rc-update add vixie-cron default

rc-update add sshd default && rc-update add hotplug default && rc-update add ntp-client default

17. Set up your "Timezone Link"

rm /etc/localtime

ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/{path/to/your/timezonefile} /etc/localtime

18. Eliminate the clock skew, this is very critical especially with compiling your own OS!!!!

ntpdate -u -b us.pool.ntp.org

19. Configure your NIC

nano /etc/conf.d/net

example -

# This blank configuration will automatically use DHCP for any net.*
# scripts in /etc/init.d.  To create a more complete configuration,
# please review /etc/conf.d/net.example and save your configuration
# in /etc/conf.d/net (this file :]!).
config_eth0=( "100.20.3.1/24" )
routes_eth0=( "default via 100.20.192.5" )

20. Set up your environment in the following places

/etc/rc.conf

/etc/conf.d/clock

/etc/conf.d/ntp-client

/etc/conf.d/rc

21. Edit your /etc/fstab appropriately

Example -

# <fs>          <mountpoint>            <type>          <opts>              <dump pass="">
/dev/xvdb       /                       ext3            noatime                 0 1
/dev/xvdf       none                    swap            sw                      0 0
/dev/cdrom      /mnt/cdrom              auto            noauto,ro               0 0
shm             /dev/shm                tmpfs           nodev,nosuid,noexec     0 0
proc            /proc                   proc            defaults                0 0</dump></opts></type></mountpoint></fs>

Now a "Caveat"

I found that in Linode's console environment the base system didn't completely compile. It seemed to puke in the Linode console environment on one of the /dev/tty's being used during a chmod. To work around this I had to "emerge util-linux" for it was missing numerous things like "mount". So after you have completed editing your fstab and saving do the following -

emerge util-linux

A. Assign yourself a "root" password while in the chroot environment, this is a must

passwd

B. Exit out of your chroot

exit

C. Unmount the file systems

umount /mnt/gentoo/proc

umount /mnt/gentoo

D. Shutdown the system

E. Create the "Gentoo" Profile in the Linode Manager

F. Boot the new "Gentoo" Profile

G. Log into the booted image via the Linode Console

H. Emerge the system then world

emerge -e system

env-update && source /etc/profile

emerge -e world

Now this is going to take a little bit but it insures everything has been installed and compiled correctly.

Then to finish everything off run the following to complete the install.

emerge --sync

emerge -avuDN world

emerge -av gentoolkit

emerge --depclean

revdep-rebuild

Now you have a base image for the Linode environment. There are a couple of tools you may choose to install, here are the basic ones that I would recommend you to "emerge"

emerge -avD tcpdump bind-tools iproute2 eselect slocate

I would also recommend running mirrorselct to select the fastest/best Gentoo mirror's locations

mirrorselect -s4 -o -D  >> /etc/make.conf

Don't forget to remove the old Gentoo mirror's in your make.conconf ;)

This will give you very clean basic foundation to build a server streamlined to your specific needs/wants and desires. 8-)

Enjoy -