Cannot Activeate Nginx
I was following the "getting started with Linode" tutorial series and I am stuck with activating Nginx. I will just paste my console content here. Note that I am using the same Linode from the previous tutorials of that series, and Apache server is running (with a custom domain and TLS).
kamran@web-server:~$ systemctl start nginx
Failed to start nginx.service: Access denied
See system logs and 'systemctl status nginx.service' for details.
kamran@web-server:~$ sudo systemctl start nginx
[sudo] password for kamran:
Job for nginx.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status nginx.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
kamran@web-server:~$ systemctl status nginx.service
? nginx.service - nginx - high performance web server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2022-01-21 12:38:27 +04; 1min 51s ago
Docs: https://nginx.org/en/docs/
Process: 2103 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
CPU: 11ms
kamran@web-server:~$ journalctl -xe
Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.
Users in groups 'adm', 'systemd-journal' can see all messages.
Pass -q to turn off this notice.
?? The user manager instance for user 1000 has been started. All services queued
?? for starting have been started. Note that other services might still be starting
?? up or be started at any later time.
??
?? Startup of the manager took 69229 microseconds.
Jan 21 12:13:13 web-server sudo[638]: kamran : TTY=pts/1 ; PWD=/home/kamran ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/apt-get install gnupg
Jan 21 12:13:13 web-server sudo[638]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by kamran(uid=1000)
Jan 21 12:13:36 web-server sudo[638]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Jan 21 12:14:17 web-server sudo[1040]: kamran : TTY=pts/1 ; PWD=/home/kamran ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/apt-key add nginx_signing.key
Jan 21 12:14:17 web-server sudo[1040]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by kamran(uid=1000)
Jan 21 12:14:18 web-server sudo[1040]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Jan 21 12:22:38 web-server sshd[1468]: Received disconnect from 94.20.66.59 port 34272:11: disconnected by user
Jan 21 12:22:38 web-server sshd[1468]: Disconnected from user kamran 94.20.66.59 port 34272
Jan 21 12:23:15 web-server sudo[1509]: kamran : TTY=pts/3 ; PWD=/home/kamran ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nginx.list
Jan 21 12:23:15 web-server sudo[1509]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by kamran(uid=1000)
Jan 21 12:23:39 web-server sudo[1509]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Jan 21 12:24:23 web-server sudo[1531]: kamran : TTY=pts/3 ; PWD=/home/kamran ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/apt update
Jan 21 12:24:23 web-server sudo[1531]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by kamran(uid=1000)
Jan 21 12:24:26 web-server sudo[1531]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Jan 21 12:24:57 web-server sudo[1877]: kamran : TTY=pts/3 ; PWD=/home/kamran ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/apt install nginx
Jan 21 12:24:57 web-server sudo[1877]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by kamran(uid=1000)
Jan 21 12:25:04 web-server sudo[1877]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Jan 21 12:27:05 web-server sudo[2032]: kamran : TTY=pts/3 ; PWD=/home/kamran ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/systemctl start nginx
Jan 21 12:27:05 web-server sudo[2032]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by kamran(uid=1000)
Jan 21 12:27:07 web-server sudo[2032]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Jan 21 12:38:24 web-server sudo[2100]: kamran : TTY=pts/5 ; PWD=/home/kamran ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/usr/bin/systemctl start nginx
Jan 21 12:38:24 web-server sudo[2100]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by kamran(uid=1000)
Jan 21 12:38:27 web-server sudo[2100]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
lines 343-370/370 (END)
Can you suggest a fix to the problem I am experiencing?
2 Replies
More often than not, a failure to start nginx is either a configuration error, or something else listening on a port nginx needs.
What does “nginx -t” tell you?
Also “journalctl -u nginx”?
(Run both as root or prefix with sudo.)
kamran@web-server:~$ sudo nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
kamran@web-server:~$ sudo journalctl -u nginx
-- Journal begins at Wed 2021-12-29 11:56:29 +04, ends at Mon 2022-01-24 11:49:18 +04. --
Jan 21 12:27:05 web-server systemd[1]: Starting nginx - high performance web server...
Jan 21 12:27:05 web-server nginx[2035]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:27:05 web-server nginx[2035]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:27:06 web-server nginx[2035]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:27:06 web-server nginx[2035]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:27:07 web-server nginx[2035]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:27:07 web-server nginx[2035]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
Jan 21 12:27:07 web-server systemd[1]: nginx.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jan 21 12:27:07 web-server systemd[1]: nginx.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Jan 21 12:27:07 web-server systemd[1]: Failed to start nginx - high performance web server.
Jan 21 12:38:24 web-server systemd[1]: Starting nginx - high performance web server...
Jan 21 12:38:24 web-server nginx[2103]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:38:25 web-server nginx[2103]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:38:25 web-server nginx[2103]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:38:26 web-server nginx[2103]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:38:26 web-server nginx[2103]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 21 12:38:27 web-server nginx[2103]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
Jan 21 12:38:27 web-server systemd[1]: nginx.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jan 21 12:38:27 web-server systemd[1]: nginx.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Jan 21 12:38:27 web-server systemd[1]: Failed to start nginx - high performance web server.
Jan 24 11:48:23 web-server systemd[1]: Starting nginx - high performance web server...
Jan 24 11:48:23 web-server nginx[64475]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 24 11:48:23 web-server nginx[64475]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 24 11:48:24 web-server nginx[64475]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 24 11:48:24 web-server nginx[64475]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 24 11:48:25 web-server nginx[64475]: nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
Jan 24 11:48:25 web-server nginx[64475]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
lines 1-28
@andysh I guess the address is in use by the apache server and that is the problem.